Database Basics

What is a Database?

A database is a structured collection of data organized and stored for efficient retrieval, management, and manipulation. It serves as a central repository where information is stored, accessed, and updated.

Key Characteristics of a Database

Data Schema

Data in a database is typically organized into tables, called Entities, which consist of rows or records, and columns, called Properties. This format allows for easy organization and retrieval of data based on specific criteria.

Data Independence

Databases provide a layer of abstraction between the physical storage of data and the logical representation of data. This separation allows changes to physical storage without affecting how users interact with the data.

Data Integrity

Databases enforce rules and constraints to ensure data accuracy, consistency, and reliability, including primary keys, foreign keys, and data validation rules.

Data Querying

Databases support structured query languages (e.g., SQL) that allow users to retrieve, manipulate, and analyze data. Queries can range from simple lookups to complex operations involving multiple tables and conditions.